{"id":1445,"date":"2017-12-04T00:00:46","date_gmt":"2017-12-04T00:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/?page_id=1445"},"modified":"2020-12-31T11:10:43","modified_gmt":"2020-12-31T16:10:43","slug":"1445-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/1445-2\/","title":{"rendered":"INTELLIGENCE, STRATEGY, &#038; TRENDS SERIES"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><\/h4>\n<h5><a href=\"http:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/strategy.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1302\" src=\"http:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/strategy-300x180.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/strategy-300x180.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/strategy.jpeg 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 223px) 100vw, 223px\" \/><\/a>This blog series will examine a diverse range of issues and topics that pertain to the intelligence, security, and foreign policy disciplines.<\/h5>\n<h5>It will also review the use of strategies and trends from a history and present perspective.<\/h5>\n<h5>The goal of this series is to create a better understanding of how current indicators can spark future scenarios.<\/h5>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/07\/28\/rising-geopolitical-tensions-and-the-covid-19-crisis-raise-concerns-over-cpecs-future\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">RISING GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS AND THE COVID-19 CRISIS RAISE CONCERNS OVER CPEC\u2019S FUTURE<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2020-07-28T09:46:22-04:00\">JULY 28, 2020<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/07\/28\/rising-geopolitical-tensions-and-the-covid-19-crisis-raise-concerns-over-cpecs-future\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span> <a class=\"post-edit-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=2327&amp;action=edit\">(EDIT)<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/07\/28\/rising-geopolitical-tensions-and-the-covid-19-crisis-raise-concerns-over-cpecs-future\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/china-pakistan-reuters-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/china-pakistan-reuters-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/china-pakistan-reuters-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>* Originally Published By North Star Support Group (NSSG) on July 28, 2020 The international arena is significantly affected by the CoVid-19 pandemic and last month\u2019s global economic slowdown raises questions regarding the CPEC relationship China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is facing significant setbacks due to the new international norms caused by the growing [\u2026]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/06\/23\/u-s-and-china-relations-past-present-and-future-by-samuel-f-kessler-pawac-presentation\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">U.S. AND CHINA RELATIONS: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE BY SAMUEL F. KESSLER \u2013 PAWAC PRESENTATION<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2020-06-23T16:12:48-04:00\">JUNE 23, 2020<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/06\/23\/u-s-and-china-relations-past-present-and-future-by-samuel-f-kessler-pawac-presentation\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/06\/23\/u-s-and-china-relations-past-present-and-future-by-samuel-f-kessler-pawac-presentation\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.26.28-PM-65x65.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.26.28-PM-65x65.png 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Screen-Shot-2020-06-18-at-3.26.28-PM-150x150.png 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>Presentation by Samuel F. Kessler on U.S. and China relations: past, present, and future. This presentation combines U.S. international relations and national security perspectives to shed light on the current situation and future trends in the making. Presented on June 5, 2020.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/04\/20\/managing-conflict-escalation-with-iran-as-trump-de-escalates-the-china-dispute\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">MANAGING CONFLICT ESCALATION WITH IRAN AS TRUMP DE-ESCALATES THE CHINA DISPUTE<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2020-04-20T13:18:28-04:00\">APRIL 20, 2020<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/04\/20\/managing-conflict-escalation-with-iran-as-trump-de-escalates-the-china-dispute\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2020\/04\/20\/managing-conflict-escalation-with-iran-as-trump-de-escalates-the-china-dispute\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/974-1-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/974-1-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/974-1-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>The last couple of months of 2019 experienced a public shift in U.S. foreign policy focus from the China trade dispute to the Middle East by emphasizing on Iranian influences in the region. Explaining this public shift in focus requires a big picture lens in order to more fully understand the complexities and sensitive nature of the situation at hand.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/09\/20\/new-friction-between-the-u-s-iran-and-china-makes-cyber-warfare-more-attractive\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">NEW FRICTION BETWEEN THE U.S., IRAN, AND CHINA MAKES CYBER WARFARE MORE ATTRACTIVE<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2019-09-20T16:04:42-04:00\">SEPTEMBER 20, 2019<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/09\/20\/new-friction-between-the-u-s-iran-and-china-makes-cyber-warfare-more-attractive\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/09\/20\/new-friction-between-the-u-s-iran-and-china-makes-cyber-warfare-more-attractive\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Morning-Brief-2019-06-18-MB-Iran-China-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Morning-Brief-2019-06-18-MB-Iran-China-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Morning-Brief-2019-06-18-MB-Iran-China-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>This piece discusses the latest tensions between the U.S. and Iran with an emphasis on how it impacts China\u2019s strategic interests in the region and how it impacts the growing trade war and great power competition it has with the United States. In addition, it discusses the expanding cyber war between the two nations and the likeliness of it escalating into a kinetic war in the near future.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/07\/10\/how-qualcomm-became-a-trade-war-and-national-security-story\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">HOW QUALCOMM BECAME A TRADE WAR AND NATIONAL SECURITY STORY<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2019-07-10T19:01:10-04:00\">JULY 10, 2019<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/07\/10\/how-qualcomm-became-a-trade-war-and-national-security-story\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\"><a class=\"entry-image-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/07\/10\/how-qualcomm-became-a-trade-war-and-national-security-story\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/qualcomm_chip-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/qualcomm_chip-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/qualcomm_chip-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>The Qualcomm saga of the past couple years can be characterized as being a potential mega merger gone badly, survivors of a hostile takeover bid, and a company that is constantly drenched in legal battles with a great corporate adversary. Blend this with the geopolitical and technological competition between the United States and China, and [\u2026]<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/04\/25\/why-u-s-national-security-will-supersede-huaweis-global-aspirations-in-5g\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">WHY U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY WILL SUPERSEDE HUAWEI\u2019S GLOBAL ASPIRATIONS IN 5G<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2019-04-25T06:21:39+00:00\">APRIL 25, 2019<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/04\/25\/why-u-s-national-security-will-supersede-huaweis-global-aspirations-in-5g\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/04\/25\/why-u-s-national-security-will-supersede-huaweis-global-aspirations-in-5g\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/US-China-5G-Battle-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/US-China-5G-Battle-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/US-China-5G-Battle-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>The U.S. blocking of the Chinese telecom giant, Huawei, is a national security policy that correlates with the serious grievances that have long been held within the U.S-China relationship.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/03\/18\/understanding-the-future-of-blockchain-in-an-expanding-digital-universe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">UNDERSTANDING THE FUTURE OF BLOCKCHAIN IN AN EXPANDING DIGITAL UNIVERSE<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2019-03-18T20:51:47+00:00\">MARCH 18, 2019<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/03\/18\/understanding-the-future-of-blockchain-in-an-expanding-digital-universe\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2019\/03\/18\/understanding-the-future-of-blockchain-in-an-expanding-digital-universe\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/How-Blockchain-Tech-is-Revolutionizing-Sectors-Across-the-Globe-696x449-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/How-Blockchain-Tech-is-Revolutionizing-Sectors-Across-the-Globe-696x449-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/How-Blockchain-Tech-is-Revolutionizing-Sectors-Across-the-Globe-696x449-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>Blaise Cavalli is a veteran in the blockchain technology world who recently wrote an article on Medium called,\u00a0\u201cBlockchain: Separating Fact from Fiction.\u201d He discusses in his article on the current status of blockchain technology and its future uses that go beyond the typical cryptocurrency trend that it is often equated. However, it is more than [\u2026]<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2018\/01\/31\/why-alibaba-will-be-a-primary-target-in-the-upcoming-trade-wars-with-china\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">WHY ALIBABA WILL BE A PRIMARY TARGET IN THE UPCOMING TRADE WARS WITH CHINA<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2018-01-31T01:15:59+00:00\">JANUARY 31, 2018<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2018\/01\/31\/why-alibaba-will-be-a-primary-target-in-the-upcoming-trade-wars-with-china\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2018\/01\/31\/why-alibaba-will-be-a-primary-target-in-the-upcoming-trade-wars-with-china\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/2c885a1c6192ff4cc1ec2b4199ac671a-jobs-plan-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/2c885a1c6192ff4cc1ec2b4199ac671a-jobs-plan-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/2c885a1c6192ff4cc1ec2b4199ac671a-jobs-plan-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"Why Alibaba Will Be A Primary Target In The Upcoming Trade Wars With China\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>Intellectual property theft has been a main concern in U.S.-China trade relations for several years. Whether it is via cyber espionage or patent and copyright infringements, the U.S. has major issues with the continued lack of enforcement by the Chinese government regarding the protection of global intellectual property rights. It has been estimated by the [\u2026]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a class=\"entry-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2018\/07\/10\/repairing-us-russian-relations-is-necessary-to-the-future-of-u-s-grand-strategy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">REPAIRING US-RUSSIAN RELATIONS IS NECESSARY TO THE FUTURE OF U.S. GRAND STRATEGY<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-info\"><span class=\"date published time\" title=\"2018-07-10T05:43:55+00:00\">JULY 10, 2018<\/span> BY <span class=\"author vcard\"><span class=\"fn\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/author\/administrator\/\" rel=\"author\">SAM KESSLER<\/a><\/span><\/span> <span class=\"post-comments\"><a href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2018\/07\/10\/repairing-us-russian-relations-is-necessary-to-the-future-of-u-s-grand-strategy\/#respond\">LEAVE A COMMENT<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry-content\">\n<p><a class=\"entry-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/2018\/07\/10\/repairing-us-russian-relations-is-necessary-to-the-future-of-u-s-grand-strategy\/\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft post-image entry-image\" src=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/wo03-RUS-Trump-WEB-65x65.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 65px) 100vw, 65px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/wo03-RUS-Trump-WEB-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/wo03-RUS-Trump-WEB-150x150.jpg 150w\" alt=\"Repairing US-Russian Relations is Necessary to the Future of U.S. Grand Strategy\" width=\"65\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a>President Trump recently made a controversial statement that indicated it was time to reinstate Russia back into the G7 (G8 with Russia), otherwise known as the group of seven major advanced and industrialized economies in the world. This idea was brought up at the tail end of the recent G7 summit in Quebec, Canada where [\u2026]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This blog series will examine a diverse range of issues and topics that pertain to the intelligence, security, and foreign policy disciplines. It will also review the use of strategies and trends from a history and present perspective. The goal of this series is to create a better understanding of how current indicators can spark [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1302,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>INTELLIGENCE, STRATEGY, &amp; TRENDS SERIES - Sam Kessler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This blog series will examine a diverse range of issues and topics that pertain to the intelligence, security, and foreign policy disciplines.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/samkessler.com\/-\/1445-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"INTELLIGENCE, STRATEGY, &amp; 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